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toString() in JavaScript – How to Convert Number to String

toString() converts a number to a string of a specified radix.

Syntax of the toString() Method​

toString() accepts only one optional argument. Here is the syntax:

number.toString(radix);

The radix argument specifies the base into which you wish to convert the number.

note
  • Radix must be an integer between 2 and 36 inclusive. Otherwise, toString() will return an Uncaught RangeError.
  • Suppose you omit the radix argument. In that case, the computer will assume a radix of 10 (base ten).
  • Suppose you provide a negative number. In such a case, the computer will preserve the negative sign.

Example 1: Convert 45 to a Decimal String​

(45).toString();

// The invocation above will return: "45"

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Note that the snippet above is equivalent to:

(45).toString(10);

// The invocation above will return: "45"

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note

We wrapped 45 in parentheses to make the computer evaluate its data type before using toString() to convert it to a string value. (Learn more about how the computer evaluates an item's data type.

Example 2: Convert 45 to a Binary String​

(45).toString(2);

// The invocation above will return: "101101"

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Example 3: Convert Negative 45 to a Binary String​

(-45).toString(2);

// The invocation above will return: "-101101"

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Example 4: Convert 45 to an Octal String​

(45).toString(8);

// The invocation above will return: "55"

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Example 5: Convert 45 to a Hexadecimal String​

(45).toString(16);

// The invocation above will return: "2d"

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Example 6: Convert 45 to a Vigesimal String​

(45).toString(20);

// The invocation above will return: "25"

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Overview​

This article discussed what toString() is. We also used examples to see how it works.